Utilization of carbon dioxide as a promoter in the methane hydrate extraction process combined with thermal stimulation and depressurization is an economical option for CCUS. At higher sea temperatures, hydrate stability decreases and methane leakage into the environment escalates. A proposed solution would be to use salts for production and then halogenate the methane to stabilize injected carbon dioxide as it renucleates. Chlorine radicals formed in ultraviolet light react with methane hydrates, dissociating the structure into an amorphous blob. The chlorinated hydrocarbon then acts as a promoter in hydrate formation, with end products being near equal mixtures of CO₂ and guest gas in crystalline structures, plus natural gas extracted for processing.

The byproduct hydrochloric acid can potentially dissolve host rock in carbonate facies, with pH changes having little impact on nucleation rates. Salts are used as hydrophilic inhibitors due to their ionic interactions with hydrogen bonding. Inclusion of introduced guest gases modifies lattice stability, while catalysts reduce activation energy for amorphous intermediates through reorientation. Thermodynamic promoters increase stabilization and inhibitors cause dissociation. Bubble formation modifies interfacial surface area agglomeration, surface-active agents reduce capillary forces, and transport phenomena (diffusion) of the fluid influences kinetics of hydrate growth.

Multiple organic molecules were evaluated for stability and salts were compared for inhibition effects. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and other organohalides with covalent bonding were inputted into Gibbs free energy dependent phase diagrams at incremental molar concentrations.  Results of simulations at 1 MPa intervals up to 20 MPa indicate that halogenated hydrocarbons act as a promoter for CH₄ and CO­₂. Greater concentration of the halogenated hydrocarbon with simultaneous decreasing methane amount maximizes thermodynamic stability for CO₂. Organohalides were found throughout various phases in experiments, and interactions with CO₂ vapor determines hydrate kinetic rates. As the CO₂ condensates into the liquid phase, compressibility decreases due to kinetic-molecular gas velocity shifts. This creates a sloped hydrate growth curve where the liquid-gas interface for CO₂ has multiple amorphous structures forming at vaporization points, indicated by sharp curves of dissociation.

Throughout this interpretation of data, homogenous blob hypothesis was shown to fit statistical analysis. As a modification, arrangement of the bubbles formed in the gas vaporization indicates that decreasing interfacial free energy at azeotropic pressures allows maximum kinetic rates. The arrangement of the hydrate structure follows the dissociation curves for SI, SII, and SH structures. For the most effective CFCs, the promoting effects increase stability by over 10 K, showing higher temperature structures forming CO₂ SI hydrates.

Highly concentrated alkali cations tend to inhibit the nucleation, but at lower concentrations the alkali ions inhibit for lower pressures only. This is attributed to the solubility curve corresponding to absorption of the guest gas. Hydrophilic salts at high concentrations can dissociate the structure, breaking the crystalline hydrogen bonds. Salts dissolved in the solute decrease volatility, facilitating dew point liquids, thus changing nucleation kinetics at low saturation.

Organohalides and other surfactants provide evidence that hydrate formation is dependent on hydrophobic nature, where a structure that has an electromagnetic charge will determine the probable arrangement of the hydrogen bonding. This allows materialization of guest gas interaction to include chemical arrangement of dipole moments in azeotropes or bubbling structures. Furthermore, blobs of local bubbles produced have the greatest chance of induction, with the vapor-liquid interface having favorable conditions for hydrate formation.

A halogenated system allows for stability shifts, while salts could be further used to engineer desolventizing flow rates for methane hydrates trapped within sediment. Insight into mechanisms of hydrates in the presence of ions is valuable for understanding potential reservoir storage and production. Estimated amount of sequestered CO­₂ proposed in extraction of methane could exceed 1000 Gigatons in producible, measurable, storable shallow reservoirs, beyond enough capacity for all current and future atmospheric carbon dioxide.